Kyzyluyik, the sanctuary
It is located in 60 km to the south, to the south-east of Diyar settlement (Baiganin district, Aktobe region). The monument is located on a slightly elevated place, on one of the passes at the mouth of the gorge Kyzylkuys. When the weather is clear from the surface of Kyzyluyik the surroundings can be seen almost 15 km away.
The structure of the complex includes: the main cult structure, altars-exhibits, menhirs' alley and anthropomorphic statues. Each of these elements of the complex, possessing a higher degree of sacrality and some independence, is structured in a general scheme of consecutive ritual, which is especially important for the whole society.
The initial diameter of the stone church on the outer facades was 20 m. For the construction of the temple was prepared clay platform - a platform with a diameter of 28-30 m and a layer thickness of 0.15 m. From the outside of the temple, the participants of the ritual may have made a ritual walk around it. In the eastern and northeastern parts of the temple there are visible remnants of ignition and ash stains, which indicates the admissibility of the ritual purification fire.The temple, except for the south side, is surrounded by moats. The southern side of the temple, apparently, was a particularly important area of the sanctuary, where there was an open space leading to the temple - the entrance. The outer face of the temple was built of well-designed and tightly fitted limestone blocks of significant size. Another noticeable, but not quite clear element of the complex is the earth wall height of 0.7 m, width of 4.7 m. The rampart is filled out opposite the entrance to the temple and, being on a nodal point of interconnected elements of sanctuary, played an important role in the system of cult ceremonial actions.
The inner wall of the main cult building, measuring 7.201 m and 7.066 m, is carefully laid out with flattened stone blocks. It is important to emphasize that the cult structure from the inside looked like a hexagon, which, apparently, is not accidental. The stone structure had a false vault. Its total height could reach up to 12 m. This is indirectly indicated by the volume of stones and facing blocks collected in the rubble of the inner space. In the southern wall of the cult object, strictly along the North-South axis is fixed through, passing through the whole body of the wall, the entrance to the temple. The entrance opening inside the room has a clear triangular shape. Its height is 1.8 m. The threshold was at a height of 1 m from the floor of the room. Thus, inside the wall was arranged a stepped inclined descent, which was traced from a height of 2.4 m outside and up to 1 m inside the temple. In the southwest and southeast sides of the main cult building of 78-100 m there are six altar-plates - the place of performance of certain rituals, size 2.5-4 m, wall thickness 0.6-1.5 m. Among these objects there are hearths and specially left ceramic vessels upside down on the edge of the fence.
The custom of installing vertical menhirs and anthropomorphic steles near the temple is interesting. On the eastern side of the sanctuary there is an alley of menhirs with a length of about 1,000 m. Fragments of several dozen stone statues displaced from the original site have been found.
Kyzyluyik is a specially erected temple, in semantic sense it is connected with the embodiment of universal human universals about the structured universe. The presence of stone sculptures can be considered as a reflection of the cult of heroic ancestors. Inside the temple and in the square of the sanctuary in different seasons, apparently, various ritual ceremonial actions were performed, related to the purification of fire, dedication to the heroes-predators, the cult of weapons, etc.
Monument of archeology of republican importance. Object of tourism.