Excavations of the Roschinskoye settlement
A detachment of the North Kazakhstan expedition of the Petropavlovsk Pedagogical Institute began a study of the Roschinskoye settlement (about 150 thousand square meters), located on the slope of the southwestern shore of Lake Zhamantuz in the Kellerov district of the Kokchetav region. Forest plantations, ditches, etc partially destroy its cultural layer. Three excavations have been laid.
In the western part of the settlement, excavation 1 uncovered 304 sq. m. The cultural layer up to 75 cm thick contained heterogeneous material. 96% of the finds are flint flakes and artifacts made from them. Red-brown jasper and gray low-quality siliceous rocks were used as raw materials. The latter prevails and is of local origin. A lamellar industry of jasper-like rocks characterizes the lower horizons. Flake tools make up about 3%. These are large bifaces, arrowheads, scrapers, and abrasives. A significant part of the flakes was concentrated at the working sites, where the primary processing of tools was carried out and split nodules, large chips and flakes with a nodular crust, chipped cores were found. The pottery is dominated by jar-shaped and pot-shaped vessels with a rounded bottom, ornamented mainly with comb stamp impressions, less often with nail and pit impressions along the entire outer surface with a transition to the inner surface of the neck as along the edge of the rim. Of the ornamental compositions, rhombuses, vertical and horizontal lines are noted. Bronze objects were found in the excavation at different levels: two arrowheads, a knife and a blank for it, a puncture, fragments and drops. Horse bones dominate in the osteological material. During the cleaning of the mainland, oval depressions with an area of 10-20 square meters were revealed with a decrease towards the center by 10-15 cm. The finds from splits 2 and 3 (112 and 24 sq. m) are represented by small untreated flakes of gray siliceous rock. Tools and flakes with traces of processing are rare here.
The early complexes of the monument belonging to the Neolithic, the later ones to the Early Metal period. Last horizons are identified typologically, planigraphically, and in some areas, stratigraphically.