Research of Stone Age monuments

After a long break, the excavations of the multi-layered Ch. Valikhanov Paleolithic site, discovered by Kh. A. Alpysbaev in the Chimkent region. The main goal of the Paleolithic detachment of the South Kazakhstan expedition of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR was to excavate the fifth cultural layer and identify the boundaries of the distribution of cultural remains. When cleaning the walls of the old split, it was found that the cultural remains lie there in their original position. In a small (45 sq. m.) new excavation, more than a thousand stone products were found, mainly production waste, which is explained by the proximity of the source of raw materials (1.5-2 km from the site). There are only a few copies of smoked guns. There was an accumulation of chips and flakes around the hearth (lens thickness up to 3 cm). Stone artifacts from the site make it possible to trace the industry's evolution over a long period, spanning the Late Mousterian and Upper Paleolithic.

The Paleolithic detachment of the Shulba expedition of the named institute continued excavations of the Shulbinka site in East Kazakhstan, where more than 1000 sq. m. Stratigraphy of the excavation: 1 - sod layer (5 cm); 2 - humus layer (up to 55 cm); 3 - light yellow loam (35 cm); 4 - coarse sand (10 cm); 5 - rock base. The excavation revealed three hearths made of river pebbles, several hearth spots, and round dark spots no more than 25 cm in diameter were found around one of the hearths, possibly traces of pillars from the dwelling of an Upper Paleolithic man. Accumulations of stone artifacts were traced on the eastern side of the excavation. A core and several flakes similar to those found at the Shulbinka site were found in exploration pits on a nearby ledge of the rock.

A Neolithic settlement was discovered upstream of the Shulbinka River, 8-9 km north of Novaya Proletarka. Several flakes and ceramic fragments were picked up near the Klyuchiki settlement.